Which common chemotherapy agent is used as a standard treatment for nausea and vomiting?

Ondansetron is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist that is widely utilized as a standard treatment for nausea and vomiting, particularly in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Chemotherapy often leads to nausea and vomiting due to its effects on the gastrointestinal system and the brain. Ondansetron works by blocking the action of serotonin, a chemical in the body that can trigger these unpleasant symptoms. By effectively preventing nausea and vomiting, ondansetron improves the quality of life for patients during cancer treatment.

In contrast, the other agents listed do not serve this purpose. Cyclophosphamide is a chemotherapeutic drug used in cancer treatment but is not primarily a medication for preventing nausea and vomiting. Carboplatin is another chemotherapy agent used to treat various cancers and does not have antiemetic properties. Anthracyclines are a class of chemotherapy drugs used for treatment but similarly lack direct antiemetic effects. Therefore, ondansetron stands out as the drug specifically developed to combat nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy.