Which adverse effects are commonly associated with carmustine?

Carmustine, a nitrosourea chemotherapeutic agent, is recognized for its potential to cause specific adverse effects, notably pulmonary fibrosis and neurotoxicity.

Pulmonary fibrosis can occur due to the drug’s impact on lung tissue. This condition is characterized by inflammation and the formation of scar tissue in the lungs, which can lead to respiratory issues and decreased pulmonary function over time, making it a serious concern for patients on this medication.

Neurotoxicity is another significant adverse effect associated with carmustine. This includes symptoms that can range from mild to severe, such as confusion, headache, dizziness, and other neurological symptoms. The compound has a unique ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, which may contribute to its neurotoxic effects.

Understanding these two adverse effects is crucial for managing patient care, especially in monitoring their respiratory and neurological health during and after treatment with carmustine. Recognizing these potential issues can facilitate early intervention and supportive care strategies.