What is the function of Goserelin (Zoladex) in cancer therapies?

Goserelin, marketed under the brand name Zoladex, is a medication primarily classified as a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist. Its primary function in cancer therapies, particularly in hormone-sensitive cancers such as prostate and breast cancer, is to lower estrogen levels in women and testosterone levels in men.

By acting on the pituitary gland, Goserelin initially stimulates the release of hormones that lead to increased production of sex hormones; however, with continuous administration, it results in decreased production of these hormones due to downregulation of the receptors. In women, this leads to a reduction in circulating estrogen levels, which can slow the growth of estrogen-dependent tumors. In men, it reduces testosterone levels, which is critical in the management of hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.

In the context of the other options, inhibiting angiogenesis, acting as an aromatase inhibitor, or enhancing T-cell activation do not represent the primary mechanism of action of Goserelin. While other therapies target angiogenesis or aromatase activity directly, Goserelin’s role is specifically directed at manipulating hormone levels, which is essential for reducing the growth stimulation of certain cancers. Thus, lowering estrogen levels is the correct characterization of Goser